Player Tracking Plus Minus (PT-PM) is Andrew Johnson’s player evaluation metric based on a combination of: Real Plus Minus (RPM), Box score data, SportVu data PT-PM is split into offense (OPT-PM) and defense (DPT-PM) in terms of estimates of a player’s impact on the floor.
Point Differential
Point Differential is the numerical gap between points scored and points allowed. Wins in close games tend not to reflect a team's true skill. Teams that start the season with a better record than their point differential tend to slow down and vice versa. Point differential is also a better predictor of future performance than win-loss record.
Points Created
Points created is a linear metric, invented by Bob Bellotti, that evaluates overall player performance. It comprises all current primary and secondary statistical categories: points, rebounds, assists, steals, blocked shots, missed shots (both field goals and free throws), turnovers, and personal fouls. VBP: The value of ball possession is league’s average points per 100 possessions. It measures overall performance rather …
Points Off Turnovers
When a team commits a turnover, the scoring crew records the turnover. On the following opponent possession, if the opponent scores, the scoring system credits that opponent with a point off a turnover. Points off turnovers might be a misleading statistic if you don’t account for the tempo. Turnovers per possessions would sure be a better metric if you want …
Points Per Possession (PPP)
Points Per Possession (PPP), is a player evaluation metric that refers to a player’s scoring efficiency. PPP becomes more meaningful when it is broken down into events such as PPP in isolation plays, PPP in pick-and-roll situations. Related Metric: Scoring Player Possession
Points Per Shot Attempt (PTS/FGA)
Points Per Shot Attempt is a player efficiency evaluation metric which is calculated by dividing the total points (2P made and 3P made) by the total field goals attempts. “Points per shot attempt” metric ignores points scored on free throws, so true shooting percentage (TS%) makes more sense if free throws should be taken into account.
Points Produced
Points Produced is Dean Oliver’s metric of player’s offensive contribution which has been considered more important than the individual “points scored”. It is simply just the amount of points produced by a player per 100 possessions. A player produces points through made shots, assists, and offensive rebounds. The number of points produced by the various methods depends on the actual …
Position Adjusted Win Score (PAWS)
Position adjusted win score, PAWS, is the Win Score metric that takes player’s “primary position played” into account.
Possession
Possession is arguably the most important and entry level metric to understanding basketball analytics basics. Pace, offensive efficiency, and defensive efficiency metrics are all based on possession calculations. Given the common assumption that two teams use almost the same number of possessions in a game, it is easy to calculate offensive and defensive efficiency numbers, when the possession count is …
Power Rankings
Power Rankings is a team evaluation tool for the NBA teams which rates the entire league from top to bottom. NBA power rankings are based mostly on how good teams really are, with recent performances taken into partial consideration. The NBA.com does the weekly power rankings by using the offensive and defensive efficiencies.
Pro Basketball Forecast
Pro Basketball Forecast book series, John Hollinger takes an in-depth and insightful look at the game. Downplayed are all the per-game statistics; in their place are points, rebounds, and assists per forty minutes. Hollinger also examines how many possessions each player uses and what percentage of his team’s rebounds he collects.
Projected Winning Percentage
Projected Winning Percentage is a formula that simply uses a team’s net overall point differential rather than points scored and point allowed. Each point differential translates to 2.7 wins over the course of the season.
Prozone
Prozone, established in the UK in 1998, had focused on performance analysis service especially in soccer. In 2015, acquired Prozone. Information is presented using a range of video clips, in-depth data, full-pitch animation and multi-layered graphics giving the coaching staff a unique insight into performance and an interactive platform to present those findings to players. The effective post-match analysis provides …
Pythagorean Winning Percentage
Pythagorean Winning Percentage is a method that gives an expected winning percentage using the ratio of a team’s wins and losses are related to the number of points scored and allowed. Refer to the team stats to follow Pythagorean winning percentages for the seasons.
Quantified Shooter Impact (qSI)
Quantified Shooter Impact (qSI) is a metric developed by using Second Spectrum video tracking data. It simply measures the impact of the player, compared to league average. With using the video tracking data, we are able to break down effective field goal percentage to; – “quality of the shot” (toughness of the shot) – “impact of the shooter” (the ability …
Quantified Shot Quality (qSQ)
Quantified Shot Quality (qSQ) is a metric developed by using Second Spectrum video tracking data. In brief, qSQ is the effective field-goal percentage when; – the type of the shot, – location of the shot, – nearby defenders have taken into account. Before video tracking era, effective field goal percentage was the most advanced metric to evaluate a shooter. With …
RAPTOR
RAPTOR, a new statistical plus-minus method developed by FiveThirtyEight, tries to reflect how NBA players are evaluated by the front-offices in the era of player tracking. CARMELO was the 538’s first projection system, which has been replaced with RAPTOR. RAPTOR takes qualities such as height, age and draft position, awards given by the association into account. RAPTOR stands for “Robust …
Real Plus-Minus (RPM)
Real Plus Minus (RPM) is the player’s average impact in terms of net point differential per 100 offensive and defensive possessions. RPM can be broken down into offensive and defensive metrics: Offensive Real Plus-Minus: (ORPM): Player’s average impact on his team’s offensive performance, by the points scored per 100 offensive possessions. Defensive Real Plus-Minus: (DRPM): Player’s average impact on his …
Rebound Percentage
Total rebound percentage is estimated percentage of available rebounds grabbed by the player while the player is on the court.
Regression To The Mean
Regression to the mean refers to the fact that those with extreme scores on any measure at one point in time will, for purely statistical reasons, probably have less extreme scores the next time they are tested. Scores always involve a little bit of luck. Real situations fall between these two extremes: Scores are a combination of skill and luck. …
Regularized Adjusted Plus Minus (RAPM)
Conventional adjusted plus-minus does a poor job of predicting the outcome of future games, particularly when you have less than a season of data. Adding regularization greatly improves accuracy, and some players’ plus-minus ratings change dramatically. The enhancement with the RAPM is a Bayesian technique in which the data is combined with theoretical beliefs regarding reasonable, large data ranges for …
Relative Percentage Index (RPI)
Relative Percentage Index aka RPI is widely used to produce power ratings. Unlike most power rating systems, the RPI does not consider the margin of victory or how well a team has played. It only considers whether a team won or lost. In fact, the RPI is based entirely on the winning percentage. It essentially measures a team’s strength of …
Scoring Player Possessions
Scoring player possessions would be the player’s field goals that weren’t assisted on, plus a certain percentage of his field goals that were assisted on, plus a certain percentage of his assists, plus his free throws made. Related Metric: Points Per Possession (PPP)
Seasons Left
Seasons Left is the estimate of how many seasons the player has left to play.
Second Spectrum
Second Spectrum is the official player tracking technology provider for the NBA since 2017-2018 season. Before Second Spectrum era, SportVu was the main video tracking provider which operated between 2013-14 and 2016-17 seasons. In 2013, Rajiv Maheswaran, Yu-Han Chang, and Jeff Su founded an sports-tech company that helps players, coaches, broadcasters, analysts, and fans visualize and contextualize big amount of …
Simple Projection System (SPS)
Simple Projection System (SPS) has been developed to account for aging when calculating player efficiency. SPS uses 3 years of data, with the most recent data weighted heavier. It regresses towards the mean. So the model has an age factor and the numbers are adjusted to account for age. An example of how the SPS is calculated.
Simple Rating System (SRS)
Simple Rating System aka SRS, is a player evaluation metric that mainly focuses on plus-minus. The developer of SRS, Roland Beech, explains it as a player’s own stats vs. the counterpart player on the other team while he is on the court. He publishes SRS stats on his 82games.com website.
SportRadar
Sportradar is a full-service sports data, betting, trading and player management platform company which collects and analyzes data, then creates services to media, oddsmakers, and sports league around the world. Sportradar also offers real-time statistics and live game results. It also owns Betradar, which is a platform of tools for bookmakers, including in-game and pre-match odds suggestions, resulting, market monitoring, …
SportVu Data
SportVU is an automated ID and tracking technology that has the ability to collect positioning data of the ball, players and referees during a game. SportVu, which is founded in Israel in 2005, was acquired by STATS LLC in 2008 December. SportVU tells us defensively and offensive alignment relative to ball location shot trajectory and the number of dribbles and …
Statistical Player Value, SPV
Basketball is rich with history, rich with talented players, and rich with data that helps to track player accomplishments in games. But it has always lacked a cohesive measure that allows the value added by players of differing skill sets to be compared as apples to apples. I am attempting to create just such a way of tabulating the value …